PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND INSECTICIDAL EFFECT OF AQUEOUS EXTRACTS OF ARGAN LEAVES (ARGANIA SPINOSA) ON PEACH APHID (MYZUS PERSICAE)

References: 17th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM 2017, www.sgem.org, SGEM2017 Conference Proceedings, ISBN 978-619-7408-12-6 / ISSN 1314-2704, 29 June - 5 July, 2017, Vol. 17, Issue 61, 887-894 pp, DOI: 10.5593/sgem2017/61/S25.116

ABSTRACT

The argan tree (Argania spinosa) plays an irreplaceable role in the ecological balance and in the preservation of biodiversity. Thanks to its powerful root system, it contributes to the maintenance of the soil and makes it possible to fight against the erosion of water and wind which threatens desertification a good part of the region. The limits of the argan tree are fixed by the climate. The argan tree is a thermoxerophytic species, whose distribution area overlaps with both semi-arid and arid bioclimates. In addition, the argan tree is suitable for supporting high temperatures and adapts to prolonged periods of drought due to its defoliation. The present study focused on the species Argania spinosa, which allowed to characterize, through a phytochemical sceening, the Different families of chemical compounds contained in the leaves, and then the selective extraction of the classes whose test is positive revealed the presence of flavonoids and saponosides in large quantities, the tannins, the glucosides and mucilages are in average quantity.
The study of the insecticidal effect of the aqueous extract of Argania spinosa on the mortality of larvae and adults of peach aphid, shows that the treatment showed a significant efficacy compared to controls (Pr <0.05), and Larvae and adults were sensitive to these different doses used. Mortality begins just after 30 minutes of application and the mortality rate reaches 100% after 24h of application for all doses used. In the control larvae this rate is 0%.

Keywords: Argania spinosa, flavonoids, saponosides, mucilages and Myzus persicae.