THE POTENTIAL OF BIOMASS ENERGY IN MIDDLE AND EAST ANATOLIA REGIONS IN TURKEY

7th International Scientific Conference - SGEM2007, www.sgem.org, SGEM2007 Conference Proceedings/ ISBN: 954-918181-2, June 11-15, 2007

ABSTRACT

In recent years, all over the world and in Turkey, as a result of increasing
population, industrial and urban development and rising life standarts, the fosil
fuels have dramatically been used up and caused environmental pollution.
Since it has been recognized that energy sources such as petroleum and coal
are non-renewable energy sources and they are limited, researches have been
concentrated on the biomass energy which is renewable and optained easily in
all world.
In this study, from the available statistical data on the annual agricultural
products: vegetables, fruits, animals, species of the products, and annual amount
of production of nonrecycible components of municipal solid waste per capita,
and the results from experimental studies, the data in printed articles about the
properties of biomass, the annual potential of average biomass for each species
was calculated.
From the properties of each components; the higher heating values, the annual
amount of energy and its equivalency of fuel-oil-.6 and electrical energy were
calculated. Finally, several suggestions were presented to use as energy resources
to biomass sources.
The results optained from this study are given as follows.
9,05% of the population of Turkey live in Middle Anatolian Region (MA),
17,12% in Eastern Anatolia Region (EA) according to the 2000 census.
On the other hand, In Middle anatolian region, 69,25% of total population live
in urban and 30,75% in rural area. On the other hand, a major portion (27%)
of the economically active Turkey population is employed in the agricultural
and animal husbandry sectors. This population has important potential for
biomass sources.
According to total annual field crops production and residues for Central and Eastern Anatolian Regions, total calorific value is 39,66PJ. This calorific value
is equivalent to 961,13Gg Fuel oil-6 or 11018,19GWh electrical energy.
According to the total annual fruit production and residue in Central and
Eastern Anatolian Regions Total calorific value is around 3,78PJ. This calorific
value is equivalent to 117,06Gg Fuel oil-6 or 1341,95GWh electrical energy.
According to the number of animals, waste quantity and calorific values of
animal wastes in Central andEastern Anatolia Region, the number of cows,
sheep and poultry in this region per year is approximately 4,31, 16,69 and
51,46 million, respectively. The total calorific value for cow, sheep and poultry
wastes in Central and eastern Anatolia Region was approximately 19,78
million GJ/year. This calorific value is equivalent to 479,39Gg Fuel oil-6 or
5495,62GWh electrical energy.
It can be concluded biomass sources must be efficiently used as energy source
to get partial solution of energy problem in Turkey. In order to achieve a
sustainable to the energy problem, the efficient systems to use the biomass as
energy source must be improved and the researces must be concentrated on
the conversion of biomass into conventional fuel: solid, liquid, gaseous for the
supplement of fossil fuels.

Keywords: Middle and east anatolia, alternative energy reseorces, biomass
potential, biomass energy.